These rolling waves are a combination of compressional and transverse waves. Get pdf download of class 12 physics chapter 8 electromagnetic waves class 12 notes, video lectures and more made by expert teachers of vidyakul to score high marks in your exams. As shown below, an electromagnetic wave is a transverse wave consisting of mutually perpendicular oscillating electric and magnetic fields. This means that although they appear to be very different, in fact theyre all made of the same kind of vibrations but at different. Curriculum guide for light energy this kit also includes the catch it. A line drawn in the direction of propagation of light is called a ray of light. Review the waves notes from chapter 10 in our textbook see attached paper. Your vocal chords sound can not travel in a vacuum. Year 9 physics waves, light, sound, mirrors, lenses fact. Objectives aims this chapter is essentially an introduction to the wave theory of light. Curriculum guide for light energy wallingford schools.
The physics of waves version date february 15, 2015. This structure changes shape to focus the light so that we can see clearly. You see light through the object, but can not see objects clearly. Electromagnetic wavestheory allen physics download pdf. In bright light, the iris expands and the pupil gets smaller in low light, the iris contracts and the pupil gets bigger. Absorption occurs when light strikes an object and can no longer be seen.
They are also responsible for transmitting energy in the form of microwaves, infrared radiation ir, visible light vis, ultraviolet light uv, xrays, and gamma rays. The law of refraction expressed in terms of refractive index, n. Electromagnetic waves are ultimately produced by an accelerating charge. Electromagnetic waves do not need a physical medium. Some of these waves are compressional, and others are transverse. Waves class 11 notes physics chapter 15 learn cbse. This set of notes is great for students as it collates all the information they need to know onto an a4 piece of paper. The most familiar type of waves such as waves on a string, water waves, sound waves, seismic waves, etc. The nature of light as a wave a small disturbance in an electric field creates a small magnetic field, which in turn creates a small electric field, and so on light propagates itself by its bootstraps. There are familiar, everyday sorts of waves in water, ropes and springs. Light and the eye cmt like questions all lessons page 12 light assessment all lessons page 18. A group of rays of light emitted by a source of light is called a beam of light. Light waves travel in straight lines away from the light source until the waves hit something.
While a mechanical wave exists in a medium which on deformation is capable of producing elastic restoring forces waves ofproducing elastic restoring forces, waves of. When light travels down a thin fibre, it makes only glancing collisions with the walls so that the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle and no light can escape to the outside of the fibre. Here you can download the free lecture notes of electromagnetic theory pdf notes emt pdf notes materials with multiple file links to download. The light emitted by stars, which are hundreds of light years away, reaches us through interstellar space, which is practically a vacuum.
How can it make sense to use the same word wave for all these disparate. This bundle includes an editable word doc as well as cheat sheet with diagrams. Notes of ch 10 light reflection class 10th science. How light travels light waves ks3 physics revision.
There are many common elements to all the various types of wave motion that can be described and these will be pointed out. Derive the laws of reflection and refraction of light waves using the huygens and. Matter waves these waves are commonly used in modern technology but they are unfamiliar to us. Electromagnetic waves those waves which do not require a material medium for their propagation, are called electromagnetic waves, e. Liacos educational media shedding light on electromagnetic radiation teacher notes page 3 of 16 he worked out that these two waves are produced at right angles to. In these waves and optics notes pdf, you will study the concepts of waves and optics learnt at school from a more advanced perspective and goes on to build new concepts. Waves class 11 notes physics chapter 15 waves wave is a form of disturbance which travels through a material medium due to the repeated f periodic motion of the particles of the medium about their mean positions without any actual transportation of matter. However, the energy imparted by the waves is absorbed at single locations the way. Reflection occurs when light strikes an object and bounces back. Light, reflection, and color characteristics of light light is an electromagnetic wave.
The light waves emerging from the two slits then interfere and form an interference pattern on the viewing screen. Study material and notes of ch 10 light reflection and refraction class 10th science. Notes for electromagnetic waves chapter of class 12 physics. Section 4 teacher background notes these science content background notes were created for teacher use only.
In this sense, gamma rays, xrays, microwaves and radio waves are also light. This is why we can see straight beams of light coming from flashlights, car headlights, and the lamps of the lighthouse in the picture. Remember tracing light as lines through a curved lens and seeing whether the image was inverted or right side up and so on. Light waves can interfere with other light waves, canceling or amplifying them. Due to snells law, light of different polarizations will bend by different amounts at an interface. More familiar types of waves are sound, or waves on a surface of water. At this stage you should get a basic understanding of the wave model of light, which involves the idea of light as a complex superposition of many component waves, or. Fermats principles use the principle of superposition for waves to explain. Thanks for these notes but can you plz make all into a single zippdf it might do a. Waves a wave is a disturbance that pppg gropagates through space and time, usually with transferrance of energy. Even more important, though only touched on in this book, is the wave phenomenon of quantum mechanics, built into the fabric of our space and time. Light is a form of energy emitted by set of luminous body and travels along the straight line. At this stage you should get a basic understanding of the wave model of light, which involves the idea of light as a complex superposition of many component waves, or elementary waves, each with its own wavelength. The wave equation for light propagating in xdirection in vacuum may be written as where is the sinusoidally varying electric field at position x.
It begins with explaining ideas of superposition of harmonic oscillations leading to physics of travelling and. Understanding the structure of the eye lessoneye structure and seeing lightnotes outline 1 eye structure and seeing light. Vidyakul light reflection and refraction class 10 notes were made by expert teacher to help students in revision for board exam. Refraction is the bending of light waves as they pass through a material, as in the case of a rainbow formed by sunlight passing through water droplets in the atmosphere. Notes of ch 10 light reflection class 10th science 09 aug, 2017 study material and notes of ch 10 light reflection class 10th science. Kurtz miller physical science huber heights city schools. This raytracing business is known as geometrical optics. Christian huygens proposed that light travelled as waves. Electronicssemiconductortheory allen physics download pdf. This led to the remarkable conclusion that light is an electromagnetic wave. Class 12 physics chapter 8 electromagnetic waves notes pdf download electromagnetic waves are used to transmit longshortfm wavelength radio waves, and tvtelephonewireless signals or energies. Light travels in straight lines, so if you have to represent. In transverse waves the vibration of the particles is at right angles to the direction of energy transport. Examples include radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, light waves, ultraviolet waves.
Introduction and types a wave is a transfer of energy through a medium from one point to another. The electromagnetic spectrum t e harrington middle school. Have each group, with notes and manuals closed and. In physics, the term light sometimes refers to electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength, whether visible or not. Shedding light on electromagnetic waves teacher notes. The nature of light uw madison astronomy department. A monochromatic light source is incident on the first screen which contains a slit.
I used this cheat sheet with a lower ability class which allows them to look through the notes. There are less visible but equally pervasive sound waves and electromagnetic waves. Gcse revision notes physics revision notes waves 1. Sound is compressional, which means it must have a medium. We know that light waves can travel through vacuum.
Hertz, in 1885, experimentally demonstrated the existence of electromagnetic waves. In this lesson we revise the doppler effect, huygens principle, diffraction of light and the photoelectric. Sir isaac newton believed that light was a stream of particles. Wave optics describes the connection between waves and rays of light. Light reflection and refraction class 10 notes vidyakul. The seismic waves that cause most damage to buildings are a kind of rolling waves. All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed 300,000,000 metres per second, which is the speed of light.
Examples include waves in water, seismic waves, sound waves, and vibrations in strings the energy of a mechanical wave is a function of its amplitude. The emerging light then arrives at the second screen which has two parallel slits s s0 1 and s2. According to wave theory of light, the light is a form of energy which travels through a medium in the form of transverse wave motion. The wave motion is a means of transferring energy from one point to another without there being any transfer of matter or substance between these points. Other waves called electromagnetic waves can travel either through matter or through empty space. Iit jee handwritten notes pdf for class 11 and class12 physics jee notes of alternating current. How materials transmit light transparent allows most light to pass through translucent transmit some light, but also cause it to spread in all directions. There are also some differences especially between the mechanical waves such as waves on strings and sound. Thses waves are associated with electrons, protons and other fundamental particles. Maxwells work thus unified the domain of electricity, magnetism and light. This chapter is essentially an introduction to the wave theory of light. Characteristics of wave the characteristics of waves are as follows.
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